Fire protection requirements for steel structure canopies mainly include the following aspects:
Setting of fire vents:
Position requirements: Fire vents should be set on the ceiling of the steel shed or on the wall near the ceiling, which is conducive to the rapid discharge of smoke and reduces the risk of fire spread. The distance between the vent and combustible components or combustibles should not be less than 1 meter to prevent high-temperature smoke from directly igniting combustibles. At the same time, the minimum horizontal distance between the vent and the adjacent edge of the nearby safety exit along the aisle direction should not be less than 1.5 meters to avoid being hindered by smoke when evacuating people.
Size requirements: The size of the fire vent needs to be calculated according to the area, height and smoke exhaust requirements of the steel shed. Generally speaking, the minimum area of the smoke exhaust port should not be less than 0.04 square meters, and the specific size can be determined based on the speed of the smoke passing through the effective section of the smoke exhaust port is not more than 10m/s. In actual operation, you can refer to relevant standards or product samples for selection.
Material and functional requirements: The material of the fire vent must have good fire resistance and is generally made of non-combustible materials, such as galvanized steel plates or cold-rolled steel plates. These materials can maintain structural stability in fires and are not easy to deform or fall off. The vent should have manual and automatic opening devices to quickly exhaust smoke when a fire occurs. The automatic opening device can be linked with the fire alarm system to achieve rapid response.
Use of fire retardant coating:
Selection of fire retardant coating: Applying fire retardant coating is currently the most widely used method in the fire protection design of steel structure buildings. Fire retardant coating improves its fire resistance by coating the surface of steel structure components. Commonly used fire retardant coatings are thin and thick. Choose the appropriate type of coating according to the different fire resistance limits.
Quality control of fire retardant coatings: The quality of fire retardant coatings directly affects its fire protection effect. Manufacturers should clearly mark the storage time, technical performance and scope of use of fire retardant coatings, and issue product type approval certificates and inspection reports. During the sales process, consumers should be explained in detail about the performance and scope of application of the coating. Other fire prevention measures:
Fire partitions: The steel structure canopy should be reasonably divided into fire partitions according to the nature of production to ensure that each area can be effectively exhausted. Generally speaking, a smoke exhaust port should be set in each smoke partition, and the horizontal distance from the smoke exhaust port to the farthest point in the smoke partition should not exceed 30 meters.
Maintenance: Fire vents and their supporting equipment need to be regularly maintained to ensure that they are in good working condition. This includes cleaning dust and debris in the vents, checking the sensitivity of the automatic opening device, etc.